DUTCH RAIL TRANSPORTATION AND PACIFICATION FACILITIES ON THE NORTH COAST OF ACEH, 1898-1920

Abstract

Atjeh Tram transportation, one of the means of socio-political pacification, the Dutch colonial government program in Aceh its purpose is in addition to supporting public transportation and means of colonial military transportation or conquest of the region with its research scoup; namely the North coast of Aceh (Padang Tiji Pidie; to Panton Labu). In an effort to accelerate the opening of railroad routes, the people of Aceh reacted to the rebellion against the Dutch government when pioneering and building railroad infrastructure on the North coast of Aceh, a connection from the Atjeh Tram in Kutaraja 1874. Despite the guerrilla warfare, the Dutch Government managed to build a railroad; 291 km within 6 (four years) from Seulimeum to Panton Labu (1898-1904), the north coast of Aceh as well as a number of bridges and stations In the methodology, a historical-critical study with four steps is used, namely collecting primary and secondary sources/heuristics, criticizing internal and external sources, interpreting facts from these sources, and finally reconstructing facts in the form of historical writing/critical fact synthesis process. This approach is to measure Atjeh Tram train operations in Aceh's North coast zone and gain academic and practical knowledge. The results showed that Atjeh Tram transportation on the North coast of Aceh railroad had changed the living conditions of traditional communities into a modern transportation system in order to conquer and unify the territory of Dutch colonial military rule in Aceh and isolated areas became and become strategic and developed cities.